Oberleutnant Ralf Thomsen
Patrol # 7

Duration:     06.08.1940 - 17.08.1940 , 12 days on sea
Patrol Area:   AL34
Ship:   U-54, The Laughing Sawfish
Type:   VII B
Flotilla:   7. Flotille, St. Nazaire


06.08.1940 12.55
Departure from St.Nazaire.
Medium weather conditions, visibility up to 10.000m. What a nice place here. St. Nazaire is not so nice, but the surroundings, especially La Baule are very beauty.

10.08./12.58 AL3834
Enemy airplane spotted, two engines, probably a Lockheed Hudson. Crash dived. It seems that the plane did not recognize us.

/19.05 AL3484
Operational area reached, beginning up and down searchcouse

12.08/08.26
Received radio message from BDU: Set course to AK34 immediately, convoy expected

/15.48 AL1528
The Obersteuermann reports a convoy sighting. Main course 360 degree, 5 knots. We are shadowing the convoy and sending Kontaktmeldung.

/16.05
We see only one korvette as an escort. The convoy is consisting of 12 ships, 4 columns ,4 rows, it seems the convoy met some of our boats before.
I decide to to attack at daylight, to force the korvette to engage.

/17.15
The korvette is turning towards us. We are submerging for a P-attack. Having the persicope up only for a few moments and waiting for the approach.
600m distance, angle 0 degree, double shot with G7e k.i., both missed.
300m distance, angle 0 degree, double shot with G7e and G7a k.i., one torpedo hits, the other misses.
The korvette is slowing down with active ASDIC on,  it is passing us in 150m distance. In 300m distance, angle 180 degree aft torpedo shot. Korvette is blowing up and shattered in pieces.

/18.06
Open fire!



We are beginning an OS-Attack on 10.000 BRT tanker with shells to force other remaining escorts to engage.

Pumping shells into  the tanker we are coming nearer and nearer towards the convoy. At 400m distance we are firing additionally one torpedo G7e m.i., with an angle out of 20 degree. An enourmos blow up of gasoline (I assume) with a high flame. The tanker stopps and is sinking totally in flames.
A destroyer (1.000 to) in 3.400m is turning to us. We are going on periscope depth to attack.
With the destroyer only 1.700m away we are turning to silent drive, destroyer is pulsing ASDIC.
Out of 600m distance, angle 0 degree, we fire adouble shot with G7e and G7a both m.i., one torpedo misses, the other one hits, with only little fire midship.
Turning the boat around and firing the aft torpedo. The destroyer is blown in pieces.
We are provocating any more attacks by staying in the visibility of the convoy, but no escorts appear. It seems that the slaughterhouse is ready!
We are sending the Kontaktmeldung of that unescorted convoy. We will retreat a litlle to bring the torpedoes from the deck down.

/20.30
With the first eels in, we star the canon attack. Opening fire out of 500m distance.
First target tanker 3.000 BRT, sinking after 11 shells.

/20.39
Second target tanker 2.000 BRT, sinking after 9 shells

/20.45
Third target tanker 13.000 BRT. This one is too big for only a cannon attack.
410m distance, angle 10 degree, single shot G7e m.i., dud. Rats! We are breaking up the attack, we will come back with torpedoes in the tubes.

/21.14
New target, freighter 4.000 BRT, exploding after 1 shell! I assume this ship had a load of ammunition which we hit!

/21.26
New target, freighter 7.000 BRT, sinking after 27 shells

/21.36
We are returning to our first big ship with two tubes loaded.
Distance 450m, angle 0 degree, single shot G7a m.i., dud!
Distance 370m, angle 0 degree, single shot G7e m.i., hit. Only low explosion effects, after 34 shells ship is sinking

/22.05
Kontaktmeldung wired. We are retreating from convoy to reload the last deck torpedoes.

13.08/01.36
The last two torpedos are in the tubes. We are attacking the convoy. Why don't they break up the convoy?

/01.54
Reached postion for target troop ship 12.000 BRT, 410m, 0 degree, single shot G7a m.i., dud! Engaging  gain, 370m distance, angle 0 degree, single shot G7e m.i., hit, ship stops and is burning and sinking after 34 shells.
We are out with torpedos and only 111 shells remaining, we have to look for our targets carefully.

/2.16
Target freighter 6.000 BRT, sinking after 12 shells

/2.20
Target tanker 8.000 BRT, sinking after 39 shells

/2.40
Target freighter 8.000 BRT, after 28 shells we are out of ammunition, breaking up attack

/2.50
Radio message: 9 merchants sunk 64.426 BRT, 1 korvette, 1 destroyer, contact with undefended convoy, out of ammunition, send u-boat to take over.

/3.40
Radio message from BDU: U-51 on the way, stay with convoy until boat arrives.

/06.15
Radio message from U-51: Convoy in sight. It is ours. Thank you and good return
Set course to St. Nazaire.

/14.15
Radio mesaage received: U-51 has sweeped the seas. The convoy is totally destroyed!

17.08./17.58
Returned safe to St.Nazaire


Tactical analysis:
Still some torpedos with flaws!
To destroy low escorted convoys, bring down the escorts first. It seems that the british have different convoys, well protected by elite escorts and low protected by rookies. We should keep this in mind.
Shelling ships should begin in a maximum distance of 500m to avoid misses. The u-boat is not a battle ship! It is unstable and very depending on the waves.

Strategic issues:
The attack was in an area without air control, which made it much more easier. The british seem to have difficulties to protect every convoy. We should use this opportunity.Also the convoy leaders have different expertise. After bringing down the escort the convoy should have been set off. The single ships would have had better chance if they tried to get their own way.

Private commentary:
Returning back in St.Nazaire a lot of people awaited us. Dönitz came onboard and told me that I'm awarded with the swords! I have to travel to Berlin to get them directly out of the hands of our Führer! The seventh patrol in the seventh flotilla was really a lucky one!

PATROL RESULTS

Merchants

Escorts

Warships

BRT

Patrol results:

9

2

0

64.426

Total career results:

24

3

0

178.140

DECORATIONS

U-boat badge

Knights Cross

Knights Cross
with Oak Leaves

Knights Cross with
Oak Leves and Swords

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